Rose is one of the most prominent selling flowers in the International market. It is used in every performance and has good medicinal value. Rose flowers are obtainable in various sizes, shapes and also in different colours. Roses have a distinct aroma. Hence, they are used in many events. Rose leaves have many therapeutic properties that include stress and distress support, and they are also used to heal acne. The exact name of the Rose is Rosa and refers to the family Rosaceae. It is a woody perpetual flowering plant. Roses are primarily used in perfumes and rose water, used for cooking, cosmetics, medicine and religious practices. These are rich in volatile essential oils.
Rose farming methods
Rose growing is the most successful business for farmers. In India, it is raised in Bihar, Punjab, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh the central Rose growing states.
Roses Climate Conditions
Roses package grows well in humid climates but can tolerate high temperatures. However, heat below 10°C will affect flowering and also produces blind shoots and bullheads. In extension, rose plants need total exposure to sun rays. Hence shady areas are not at all becoming. The ideal temperature for the completion and good yield of Rose flowers is 18-30°C, and the sowing cold varies from 25-30°C.
Soil Conditions for Roses
Well-drained sandy loam soils rich in the natural matter are best becoming for Rose cultivation. The pH of the soil should range from 6-7.5. Rose plants are sensitive to waterlogging, and hence, a proper drainage system should be maintained. However, it can grow well in rainfall of 200-300mm. Therefore, sandy loam, Red loam, Silt loam with good water holding capacity are ideal for Rose cultivation.
Land Preparation
Plough the soil completely till the soil is obtain to a fine tilth. Ploughing and hoeing operations should carried 4-5 times to make the ground ready for plantation. At the same time, its preparation adds 2 tons of fully and well-decomposed cow dung, leaf mould, bone flour, urea-25 Kg and 2 Kg of Superphosphate to the soil and supported by the levelling process to form uniform beds. Before planting the rose plantlets, the land must exposed to sun rays for about 15-20 days. The size of pits should be 45cm x 45cm x 30cm. The gap between the pits should be 1m, and the distance separating rows to rows should also be 1meter. An 1 acre can accommodate 7,000 plants. Rose plantlets are plante after a 1-week refilling of pits. For land preparation, Mahindra Jivo 365 is the best tractor model and gives durability in work.
Rose Planting
Rose plantlets planted in circular pits about 80cm across and 70cm deep. Plantlets should produce during September or October. Plantation should be done in the night hours. Rose plantlets can made by seeds, cuttings, layers, and budding. Budding is the ideal method for the commercial propagation of Rose Plants.
Irrigation of Roses
The plant should watered double a week from October to March and once a week from April to June. No watering is provided during the rainy season. The proper waste system should maintained to avoid waterlogging. Drip watering is the best method for Rose cultivation whereas. Sprinkler watering has a chance of causing infection of leaf condition.
Fertilizer for Roses
At the interval of 3 months after sowing, apply NPK at a ratio of per plant. After completing the pruning method, these fertilizers should increase the flower production 1 month after pruning, and spray GA3 200ppm (0.2 g\Litre) at the early vegetative stage. Stress tolerance can improve by spreading Ryzom 100g and Teepol 60ml in 100 Litre watzr per acre. This is a water-soluble root drug and has to sprinkle in the nighttime after irrigation.
Rose plant security
Rose plants get attack by pests like caterpillars, thrips, fits, and leafhoppers. Caterpillars can controlled by spraying Methomile and stickers of 1ml per Litre, whereas thrips, supplies, and leafhoppers can managed by Carbofuran 3G 5g per plant. Diseases like leaf spots can controlled by spraying Mancozeb 2.5 g per Litre of water. This spray has to repeated at an interval of 8 days. Powdery mould can managed by sprayingFlusilazole 40ml + Teepol 50ml per 100 Litre of liquid per acre. Dieback is the most prevalent disease recognize in the Rose plantation. If not handled properly, it causes enormous loss. This can measured by sprinkling Chlorothalonil 2g + Teepol 0.5ml per Litre of water with a power sprayer.
Harvesting of rose flowers
Economic yield for the Rose plant take from the 2nd year of cultivation. Collection can do by using sharp hand pruners, and when the value of the flower fully developed, the first two petals start opening. Assembly should done early in the morning or late afternoon. After harvesting, roses arranged in a container filled with freshwater having disinfectant and preservatives. Herbs are preserved in a pre-cooling chamber 10-12°C for 12 hours, and then the flowers graded based on the stem portion and quality. For better harvesting, Mahindra 245 is best for productive farming.
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